Impact of an Innovative Equipment to Monitor and Control Salt Usage during Cooking at Home on Salt Intake and Blood Pressure-Randomized Controlled Trial iMC SALT

Nutrients. 2021 Dec 21;14(1):8. doi: 10.3390/nu14010008.

Abstract

(1) Background: Excessive salt consumption is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and it is essential to reduce it to the level recommended by the World Health Organization (<5 g/day). The main objective of this study is to verify the impact of an intervention, which used the Salt Control H equipment to reducing salt consumption; (2) Methods: The study was an 8-week randomized control trial with 114 workers from a public university. The intervention group (n = 57) used the equipment to monitor and control the use of salt during cooking (Salt Control H) at home for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was 24 h urinary sodium excretion as a proxy of salt intake. Secondary outcomes included changes in 24 h urinary potassium excretion, sodium to potassium ratio (Na:K), and blood pressure. (3) Results: There was a decrease in sodium intake after the intervention but with no statistical significance. When analyzing the results by sex and hypertension status, there was a reduction in sodium (-1009 (-1876 to -142), p = 0.025) and in Na:K ratio (-0.9 (-1.5 to -0.3), p = 0.007) in hypertensive men in the intervention group. (4) Conclusions: Interventions with dosage equipment can be valid approaches in individual salt reduction strategies, especially in hypertensive men.

Keywords: RCT; cardiovascular disease; dietary sodium; hypertension; sodium restricted.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Cooking*
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted / instrumentation
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted / methods*
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Hypertension / prevention & control*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monitoring, Physiologic
  • Potassium / urine
  • Sodium / urine
  • Sodium Chloride, Dietary / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Sodium Chloride, Dietary
  • Sodium
  • Potassium