Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Growth and Yield of Rice and Greengram in a Rice-Greengram Cropping System under the Coastal Plain Agro-Climatic Condition

Satyabrata Mangaraj; Rabindra Kumar Paikaray; Sagar Maitra; Shriram Ratan Pradhan; Lalita Mohan Garnayak; Manoranjan Satapathy; Barsita Swain; Satyananda Jena; Bijayalaxmi Nayak; Tanmoy Shankar; Mohammed Alorabi; Ahmed Gaber; Akbar Hossain

doi:10.3390/plants11010142

Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Growth and Yield of Rice and Greengram in a Rice-Greengram Cropping System under the Coastal Plain Agro-Climatic Condition

Plants (Basel). 2022 Jan 5;11(1):142. doi: 10.3390/plants11010142.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.
² Department of Agronomy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi 761211, Odisha, India.
³ Department of Vegetable Science, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.
⁴ Department of Extension Education, Sikhsha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India.
⁵ Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Continuous mono-cropping of rice has resulted in decline or stagnation of yield output due to the occurrence of multiple nutrient deficiencies and worsening of soil physicochemical properties accompanying increased pressure of insect pests and diseases. The basic concept of integrated nutrient management (INM) is maintenance or adjustment of soil fertility and supply of plant nutrients to an optimum level for sustaining the desired crop productivity through optimisation of benefits from all possible sources of plant nutrients in an integrated way. Augmenting a rice-based cropping system with pulses is a prevalent and indigenous cropping system under rainfed conditions. Considering the above facts, experiments were conducted to evaluate the impacts of integrated nutrient management on productivity of aromatic rice-greengram cropping system and nutrient balance of the post-harvest soil for agricultural sustainability under rainfed conditions in two consecutive years (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) with six main plots and three subplots. The experimental findings revealed that the treatment comprised of 50% recommended dose of fertiliser (RDF) through chemicals + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through farmyard manure (FYM) increased the plant height, tillers, dry matter accumulation, leaf area and leaf area duration, and yield parameters in short grain aromatic rice. Similarly, preceding application of 50% RDF + 50% RDN through FYM to rice and further application 75% RDF + Rhizobium+ phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) to greengram increased the growth characteristics and yield parameters-such as pods/plant, seeds/pod, grain yield, stover yield, and harvest index-in greengram. It was concluded that the treatment consisting of 50% RDF (chemical fertiliser) + 50% RDN (FYM) to rice and 75% RDF + Rhizobium + PSB to greengram increased the productivity of the rice-greengram cropping system. Furthermore, the adoption of INM has positively impacted post-harvest soil nutrient balance.

Keywords: cropping system; greengram; integrated nutrient management; nutrient balance; productivity; short grain aromatic rice.

Grants and funding

TURSP 2020/39/The current work was funded by Taif University Researches Supporting Project number (TURSP 2020/39), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.