Dataset of above and below ground traits assessed in Durum wheat cultivars grown under Mediterranean environments differing in water and temperature conditions

Fatima Zahra Rezzouk; Adrian Gracia-Romero; Shawn C Kefauver; Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz; Maria Dolores Serret; José Luis Araus

doi:10.1016/j.dib.2021.107754

Dataset of above and below ground traits assessed in Durum wheat cultivars grown under Mediterranean environments differing in water and temperature conditions

Data Brief. 2021 Dec 24:40:107754. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107754. eCollection 2022 Feb.

Authors

Fatima Zahra Rezzouk^{1

2}, Adrian Gracia-Romero^{1

2}, Shawn C Kefauver^{1

2}, Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz³, Maria Dolores Serret^{1

2}, José Luis Araus^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
² AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
³ Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Abstract

Ideotypic characteristics of durum wheat associated with higher yield under different water and temperature regimes were studied under Mediterranean conditions. The focus of this paper is to provide raw and supplemental data from the research article entitled "Durum wheat ideotypes in Mediterranean environments differing in water and temperature conditions" [1], which aims to define specific durum wheat ideotypes according to their responses to different agronomic conditions. In this context, six modern (i.e. post green revolution) genotypes with contrasting yield performance (i.e. high vs low yield) were grown during two consecutive years under different treatments: (i) winter planting under support-irrigation conditions, (ii) winter planting under rainfed conditions, (iii) late planting under support-irrigation. Trials were conducted at the INIA station of Colmenar de Oreja (Madrid). Different traits were assessed to inform about water status (canopy temperature at anthesis and stable carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C) of the flag leaf and mature grains), root performance (root traits and the oxygen isotope composition (δ¹⁸O) in the stem base water), phenology (days from sowing to heading), nitrogen status/photosynthetic capacity (nitrogen content and stable isotope composition (δ¹⁵N) of the flag leaf and mature grain together with the pigment contents and the nitrogen balance index (NBI) of the flag leaf), crop growth (plant height (PH) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at anthesis), grain yield and agronomic yield components. For most of the parameters assessed, data analysis demonstrated significant differences among genotypes within each treatment. The level of significance was determined using the Tukey-b test on independent samples, and ideotypes were modelled from the results of principle component analysis. The present data shed light on traits that help to define specific ideotype characteristics that confer genotypic adaptation to a wide range of agronomic conditions produced by variations in planting date, water conditions and season.

Keywords: CT, canopy temperature; Canopy temperature; DTH, days to heading; GN, grain number; GNY, total grain nitrogen yield; GY, grain yield; HI, harvest index; ILP, irrigated late planting; INP, irrigated normal planting; Leaf pigments; NBI, nitrogen balance index; NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; PCA, principle component analysis; PH, plant height; RA, root angle; RNP, rainfed normal planting; Root traits; SRL, Specific root length; Stable isotopes; TGW, thousand grain weight; δ13C, carbon isotope composition; δ15N, nitrogen isotope composition; δ18O, oxygen isotope composition.