Colloidal carriers of almond gum/gelatin coacervates for rosemary essential oil: Characterization and in-vitro cytotoxicity

Fateme Amani; Atefe Rezaei; Mohammad Sadegh Damavandi; Ali Sedaghat Doost; Seid Mahdi Jafari

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131998

Colloidal carriers of almond gum/gelatin coacervates for rosemary essential oil: Characterization and in-vitro cytotoxicity

Food Chem. 2022 May 30:377:131998. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131998. Epub 2022 Jan 3.

Authors

Fateme Amani¹, Atefe Rezaei², Mohammad Sadegh Damavandi³, Ali Sedaghat Doost⁴, Seid Mahdi Jafari⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.
² Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: atefe.rezaei@nutr.mui.ac.ir.
³ Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁴ Particle and Interfacial Technology Group (PaInT), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
⁵ Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain. Electronic address: smjafari@gau.ac.ir.

PMID: 34999451
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131998

Abstract

The potential of almond gum and gelatin complex coacervates as a colloidal carrier for rosemary essential oil (REO) was investigated along with in-vitro gastrointestinal release and cytotoxicity. The optimum formulation (1 gelatin:2 almond gum and 7% (w/w) REO) was selected based on encapsulation efficiency (43.6%) and encapsulation yield (99.3%). The particle size was 6.9 µm with a high negative zeta-potential (-37.3 mV). FTIR and XRD data revealed that REO was properly loaded within carriers and there were interactions between gelatin and almond gum. Thermal stability of REO was enhanced after complex coacervation according to TGA. REO released slowly from carriers under simulated gastrointestinal fluid. Cytotoxicity of pure REO and REO-loaded complexes was evaluated on 4 T1 cell lines. Encapsulation of REO caused a reduction in toxicity. Overall, coacervates of gelatin-almond gum could be a promising carrier to enhance the application of bioactives in the food and drug industry with low toxicity.

Keywords: Almond gum; Complex coacervation; Cytotoxicity; Gelatin; Rosemary essential oil.

MeSH terms

Gelatin
Oils, Volatile*
Particle Size
Prunus dulcis*
Rosmarinus*

Substances

Oils, Volatile
Gelatin