Emerging architecture titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene based photocatalyst toward degradation of hazardous pollutants: Recent progress and perspectives

Vatika Soni; Pardeep Singh; Huy Hoang Phan Quang; Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan; Archana Bajpai; Quyet Van Le; Vijay Kumar Thakur; Sourbh Thakur; Van-Huy Nguyen; Pankaj Raizada

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133541

Emerging architecture titanium carbide (Ti₃C₂T_x) MXene based photocatalyst toward degradation of hazardous pollutants: Recent progress and perspectives

Chemosphere. 2022 Apr:293:133541. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133541. Epub 2022 Jan 5.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan HP, 173229, India.
² School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan HP, 173229, India. Electronic address: pardeepchem@gmail.com.
³ Faculty of Environment - Natural Resources and Climate Change, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
⁴ Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, M.P, India.
⁶ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
⁷ Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, 248007, India.
⁸ Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
⁹ Faculty of Biotechnology, Binh Duong University, Thu Dau Mot, Viet Nam. Electronic address: vhnguyen.ChE@gmail.com.
¹⁰ School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan HP, 173229, India. Electronic address: pankajchem1@gmail.com.

PMID: 34998850
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133541

Abstract

MXenes family has aroused marvelous consideration as a frontier photoactive candidate for solar energy transformation and environmental remediation. 2D Ti₃C₂ exhibit a unique layered microstructure, large surface functional groups (-F, -OH, -O), substantial sorption selectivity, superior reduction efficiency, and electrical conductivity. Electronically conductive Ti₃C₂T_x with tunable energy band gap (0.92-1.75eV) makes it one of the most potential photoactive materials for photodegradation. The present review paper aims to design cost-effective heterojunctions and Schottky junctions of Ti₃C₂ with transition metal oxides, sulfides, g-C₃N₄, and other organic frameworks. The discussion mainly involves different aspects related to its tunable electronic structure, stability problems, and surface morphology control. In addition, the advantages of Ti₃C₂ in fabricating highly efficient Ti₃C₂ based catalytic junctions exhibiting suppressed charge carrier recombination are discussed with particular emphasis on their adsorption and redox properties for the removal of toxic dyes, heavy metal ions, and various pharmaceuticals. Finally, current challenges and research directions are outlined and prospected for the future development of Ti₃C₂ based photocatalytic systems.

Keywords: Cocatalyst; Hetero-composites; Nanomaterials; Photocatalysis; Surface termination; Ti(3)C(2)T(x) MXenes; Water treatment.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Catalysis
Environmental Pollutants*
Environmental Restoration and Remediation*
Titanium / chemistry

Substances

Environmental Pollutants
titanium carbide
Titanium