The Effects of Baseline Impaired Global Cognitive Function on the Efficacy and Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Geriatric Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Objectives: This study explores the association between baseline impaired global cognitive function and changes in global cognitive function and depression among geriatric patients undergoing acute course electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single freestanding psychiatric hospital.

Participants: Patients aged 50 and older receiving ECT.

Interventions: 10 ECT treatments.

Measurements: Cognitive assessments with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Depression assessment with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report 16 item scale (QIDS).

Results: Baseline and follow-up data were available for 684 patients. On average, patients with baseline normal cognition (MoCA ≥26; N = 371) had a decrease in MoCA of -1.44±0.26 points over the course of treatment, while those with baseline impaired global cognitive function (MoCA <26; N = 313) had an increase in MoCA of 1.72±0.25 points. Baseline cognitive status was not associated with a differential response on the QIDS.

Conclusions: Patients with baseline impaired global cognitive function did not demonstrate a worsening in cognition following ECT, and baseline global cognitive function was not associated with a differential change in depression with ECT. These results suggest that impaired global cognitive function should not be viewed as a contraindication to ECT in geriatric patients.