Factors Affecting Anxiety and Depression in Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Anxiety and depression have high levels in caregivers of patients on hemodialysis and are strongly associated with demographic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting anxiety and depression in caregivers of hemodialysis patients. Four hundred and fourteen (414) caregivers (98 males and 316 females) participated in this study. Depression and anxiety were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Multinomial logistic regression was performed to estimate the factors being independently associated with anxiety and depression levels. Multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the factors being independently associated with Beck Depression Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. From a total of 414 participants, 125 (30.2%) had depression and 215 (52%) had anxiety. The median age of respondents was 54.34 (43.9-66.28) years, with half of the sample's age ranging from 43.9 to 66.28 (IQR). Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with parents or siblings, low level of education, increased caregivers' age, retirement, poor financial condition, having children, and comorbidities. In this study, a significant proportion of caregivers were found to have high levels of depression and anxiety. Thus, a formal screening can contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety in caregivers of patients on hemodialysis.

Keywords: Anxiety; Caregivers; Depression; Hemodialysis; Kidney failure.