The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Chlamydia suis and tetracycline resistance determinants in conjunctival swabs of Italian wild boars, by PCR. Extracted DNA collected from 50 wild boars from Northern and Central Italy was examined by molecular methods. One sample (2%) from the Central Italy was positive for C. suis. Fragments of tetR(C) and tetR(C)-tet(C) resistance determinants were amplified from the same sample. Further molecular investigations suggested the attribution of these tetracycline resistance determinants to C. suis, such as the truncation oftetR(C) and absence of a intact invasion (inv)-like region. While tetracycline-resistant C. suis is very common in domestic pigs, its occurrence has not been reported in wild boar before. Wild boar might acquire tetracycline resistance determinants through direct or indirect contact with domestic pigs.