Objective: To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation of a Chinese pedigree affected with Lowe syndrome.
Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were carried out for the proband and members of his pedigree.
Results: The proband, a 3-year-and-5-month-old male, presented with multiple anomalies including congenital cataract, glaucoma, brain dysplasia, renal dysfunction and cognitive impairment. WES revealed that he has harbored a novel hemizygous missense variant of the OCRL gene, namely NM_000276.3: c.1255T>C (p.Trp419Arg) (GRCh37/hg19), which was derived from his unaffected mother. The same variant was not found in his elder brother who was healthy. The variant was predicted to be pathogenic according to ACMG/AMP guideline. Compared with previously reported cases of Lowe syndrome, our patient has displayed rare features including corpus callosum dysplasia, reduction of white matter, cerebral hypoplasia, laryngomalacia, sebaceous cyst, recurrent eczema, cryptorchidism, hypoglycemia and irritability.
Conclusion: Above finding has expanded the mutational spectrum of the OCRL gene, enriched clinical features of Lowe syndrome, and enabled genetic counseling for this pedigree.