Antimicrobial activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc 331261 and APsulloc 331266 against pathogenic skin microbiota

Abstract

Balanced skin microbiota is crucial for maintaining healthy normal skin function; however, disruption of the balance in skin microbiota is linked with skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, dandruff, and candidiasis. Lactoplantibacillus species with proved with health benefits are probiotics that improve the balance of microbiome in skin and gut. In the present study, we investigated the potential antimicrobial activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc 331261 (APsulloc 331261) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc 331266 (APsulloc 331266) derived from green tea, in inhibiting five skin pathogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), Candia albicans (C. albicans), Malassezia globosa (M. globose), and Malassezia restricta (M. restricta)) associated with skin infection. Viability of S. aureus, C. acnes, C. albicans, M. globosa, and M. restricta was inhibited by indirect co-culture with APsulloc 331261 or APsulloc 331266 at various ratios. Different concentrations of the cell-free conditioned media (CM) derived from APsulloc 331261 or APsulloc 331266 inhibited the vaibility of S. aureus, C. acnes, C. albicans, M. globosa, and M. restricta in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, susceptibility of S. aureus, C. acnes and C. albicans against APsulloc 331261 or APsulloc 331266 was confirmed following agar overlay methods. Results of the agar overlay confirmed that various concentrations of APsulloc 331261 and APsulloc 331266 exhibited low to high inhibitory activity on the growth of S. aureus (ZDI 20.3 ± 2.1-32.3 ± 2.1 mm, R value 5.7 ± 0.8-7.8 ± 1.3 mm), C. acnes (ZDI 15.0 ± 1.7-22.2 ± 1.7 mm, R value 3.2 ± 1.3-5.5 ± 1.3 mm) and C. albicans (ZDI 13.3 ± 4.0-27.0 ± 3.6 mm, R value 2.8 ± 1.9-5.5 ± 1.7 mm). Finally, standard PCR analysis identified the presence of the of plantaricin genes encoding antimicrobial peptides in APsulloc 331261 and APsulloc 331266. These results suggest that APsulloc 331261 and APsulloc 331266 has a potential effect in the improvement of the balance of skin microbiota by inhibiting skin pathogenic strains.

Keywords: APsulloc; Candia albicans; Cutibacterium acnes; Green tea; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Malassezia globosa; Malassezia restricta; Plantaricin; Skin pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus.