In vitro Assessment of Chemical and Pre-biotic Properties of Carboxymethylated Polysaccharides From Passiflora edulis Peel, Xylan, and Citrus Pectin

Yongjin Sun; Yuan Guan; Hock Eng Khoo; Xia Li

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.778563

In vitro Assessment of Chemical and Pre-biotic Properties of Carboxymethylated Polysaccharides From Passiflora edulis Peel, Xylan, and Citrus Pectin

Front Nutr. 2021 Dec 3:8:778563. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.778563. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Yongjin Sun¹, Yuan Guan^{1

2}, Hock Eng Khoo¹, Xia Li^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bioengineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Bioengineering Program, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
² Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Bioengineering Program, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the carboxymethylation effect of crude water-soluble polysaccharides of Passiflora edulis peel (WPEP), xylan (XY), and citrus pectin (CP). Their chemical and pre-biotic properties were also determined. The polysaccharides were carboxymethylated by reacting with chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide. The carboxymethylated and non-carboxymethylated polysaccharides were also used as pre-biotics to study the growth pattern of selected intestinal microflora. These polysaccharides substituted the glucose solution in culture media for culturing Lactobacillus brevis GIM1.773, Lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.19, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus GIM1.155, and Streptococcus thermophilus GIM1.540. The results showed that the carboxymethylated polysaccharides c-XY, c-CP, and c-WPEP, had substitution degrees of 0.682, 0.437, and 0.439, respectively. The polysaccharides demonstrated resistance to digestion in the simulated human digestive models. The resistance to digestion was enhanced by carboxymethylation, especially the carboxymethylated CP and WPEP. The results also showed that the pre-biotic activities of the polysaccharides increased after carboxymethylation. The c-XY had a better pre-biotic effect than XY and the other carbohydrate samples. The findings suggested that carboxymethylated polysaccharides may be developed into novel pre-biotics and nutraceuticals that could promote growth of the probiotic strains.

Keywords: chemical modification; functional group; growth curve; passion fruit; probiotic.