Peripheral arterial tonometry-PAT technology

Abstract

PAT Technology is a plethysmographic based measurement method which facilitates the accurate recording of the pulsatile volume changes of the arteries of peripheral vascular beds at the distal end of the fingers over sustained periods of time. It represents a departure from previously available plethysmographic methods, in so far as it applies a uniform pressure field which completely envelopes the measured part of a digit, including its distal-most tip. Applying near diastolic blood pressure levels of pressure within the PAT probe optimizes the dynamic range of the signal, prevents confounding veno-arteriolar reflex vasoconstriction at the measurement site, reduces respiratory and movement artifacts and thus facilitates accurate long term measurement. The vascular bed of the distal phalanx of the finger is a major site of sympathetic nervous system mediated vasoconstrictor activity, and the PAT response to sympathetic changes provides a platform for accurate and robust measurement in a number of sleep and sleep related clinical areas, foremost as a patient friendly and extensively validated home sleep testing device.

Keywords: Autonomic nervous system; Endothelial dysfunction; Peripheral arterial tonometry; Plethysmography; REM Sleep; Sleep arousal; Sleep disordered breathing; Veno-arteriolar reflex.