Liver expression of IL-22, IL-22R1 and IL-22BP in patients with chronic hepatitis C with different fibrosis stages

Abstract

Aims: Liver fibrosis is the result of an exacerbated wound-healing response associated with chronic liver injury. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays a key role in liver disease, through either a protective or an adverse role, depending on the context. The relationship between IL-22 and its receptors IL-22R1 and IL-22BP (soluble inhibitor) in liver fibrosis is unknown. In this study, we assessed the presence and quantity of IL-22, IL-22R1, and IL-22BP-producing cells in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Methods and results: The number of IL-22-producing cells was significantly higher in stages F1, F2, and F3 when compared to F0 or F4 (p < 0.05). The immunostaining of IL-22R1 decreased as liver fibrosis increased from F1 to F4. On the other hand, the concentration of IL-22BP-producing cells was higher in patients with cirrhosis (F4). Furthermore, the IL-22BP:IL-22 ratio was highest in patients with cirrhosis.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that IL-22, IL-22R1 and IL-22BP may be involved in the mechanisms of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Keywords: Cytokines; Hepatitis C; IL-22RA2; Interleukin-22; Liver fibrosis.