Hesitancy towards Covid-19 vaccination among the healthcare workers in Iraqi Kurdistan

Alhanabadi H Luma; Alsilefanee H Haveen; Basa B Faiq; Moramarco Stefania; Emberti Gialloreti Leonardo

doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100222

Hesitancy towards Covid-19 vaccination among the healthcare workers in Iraqi Kurdistan

Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 Jun:3:100222. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100222. Epub 2021 Dec 10.

Authors

Alhanabadi H Luma¹, Alsilefanee H Haveen², Basa B Faiq³, Moramarco Stefania⁴, Emberti Gialloreti Leonardo⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department Primary Health Care, Preventive Health Affairs Directorate, Duhok, Iraq.
² Family Medicine, Duhok Directorate General of Health, Duhok, Iraq.
³ Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy among Iraqi healthcare workers-HCWs.

Study design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: In February 2021, an anonymous questionnaire on the willingness of receiving Covid-19 vaccination was submitted to a sample of HWCs in the Dohuk Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Overall, 1704 questionnaires were analysed by means of univariate and multivariate statistics.

Results: The sample included 978 males and 726 females (Mean age: 36.9 ± 10.1), working in Primary Health Centres (65.8%) or in Public Hospitals (34.2%). Professions ranged from being physician/paramedics (39.3%) to administrative/laboratory staff (31.7%); 17.0% had attended up to secondary school, the rest had a higher education. Considering health conditions, 1.8% reported a poor health status and 11.5% a chronic disease.Overall, 475 people (27.9%) reported Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy, with fear of side-effects (41.4%) and lack of confidence in using the vaccine (23.5%) being the most common perceived barriers. Midwifes (61.1%) and assistant nurses (45.5%) were the most hesitant; physicians the less (12.3%). According to a binary logistic model, holding lower educational level (adjOR = 2.158; 95% CI:1.654-2.815), being female (adjOR = 1.622; 95% CI:1.289-2.040), having pre-existing chronic disease (adjOR = 1.954; 95% CI:1.280-2.983), and self-perceiving a poor health status (adjOR = 3.673; 95% CI:1.610-8.379) were independent predictors of higher odds of hesitancy.

Conclusion: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy among HCWs represents an important public health concern, since they play a paramount role for a successful vaccination campaign within the community. Our results show the need in Iraq to implement educational interventions for strengthening the confidence of HWCs towards the Covid-19 vaccine, therefore positively influencing the general public's attitude.

Keywords: Covid-19; Healthcare workers; Hesitancy; Iraq; Vaccination.