Development and validation of a new scoring system for prognostic prediction of community-acquired pneumonia in older adults

Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 13;11(1):23878. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03440-3.

Abstract

The discriminative power of CURB-65 for mortality in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is suspected to decrease with age. However, a useful prognostic prediction model for older patients with CAP has not been established. This study aimed to develop and validate a new scoring system for predicting mortality in older patients with CAP. We recruited two prospective cohorts including patients aged ≥ 65 years and hospitalized with CAP. In the derivation (n = 872) and validation cohorts (n = 1,158), the average age was 82.0 and 80.6 years and the 30-day mortality rate was 7.6% (n = 66) and 7.4% (n = 86), respectively. A new scoring system was developed based on factors associated with 30-day mortality, identified by multivariate analysis in the derivation cohort. This scoring system named CHUBA comprised five variables: confusion, hypoxemia (SpO2 ≤ 90% or PaO2 ≤ 60 mmHg), blood urea nitrogen ≥ 30 mg/dL, bedridden state, and serum albumin level ≤ 3.0 g/dL. With regard to 30-day mortality, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for CURB-65 and CHUBA was 0.672 (95% confidence interval, 0.607-0.732) and 0.809 (95% confidence interval, 0.751-0.856; P < 0.001), respectively. The effectiveness of CHUBA was statistically confirmed in the external validation cohort. In conclusion, a simpler novel scoring system, CHUBA, was established for predicting mortality in older patients with CAP.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bedridden Persons / statistics & numerical data
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen
  • Community-Acquired Infections / blood
  • Community-Acquired Infections / epidemiology*
  • Confusion / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Mortality / trends
  • Pneumonia / blood
  • Pneumonia / epidemiology*
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism

Substances

  • Serum Albumin