Electroreductive Coupling of Phthalimides with α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds and Subsequent Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement to 4-Aminonaphthalen-1-ols: Density Functional Theory Study of the Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Ketene Silyl Acetals

J Org Chem. 2021 Dec 17;86(24):18232-18246. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02512. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Abstract

The electroreductive coupling of phthalimides with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of TMSCl and successive treatment of the electrochemically coupled products with TFA gave two types of rearranged products, 3- and 2-substituted 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ols. The substituent (R) on the nitrogen atom of phthalimides determined which type of 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol was preferentially formed. Bulky and less bulky N substituents selectively afforded 3- and 2-substituted 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ols, respectively. It was presumed by the density functional theory calculations for the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of silyl ketene acetals produced by the electroreductive coupling that the rearranged product selectivity depends on whether O or N protonation of the amide group of the silyl ketene acetals occurs more rapidly.

MeSH terms

  • Acetals*
  • Catalysis
  • Density Functional Theory
  • Ethylenes
  • Ketones
  • Phthalimides*

Substances

  • Acetals
  • Ethylenes
  • Ketones
  • Phthalimides
  • ketene