A Hypoxia-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs Signature Associated With Prognosis in Lower-Grade Glioma

Qinglin Feng; Cheng Qian; Shibing Fan

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.771512

A Hypoxia-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs Signature Associated With Prognosis in Lower-Grade Glioma

Front Oncol. 2021 Nov 19:11:771512. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.771512. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Qinglin Feng¹, Cheng Qian², Shibing Fan³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital & Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China.
² Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
³ Department of Neurosurgery & Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, and School of Medicine Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that hypoxia microenvironment and long non-coding lncRNAs (lncRNAs) exert critical roles in tumor development. Herein, we aim to develop a hypoxia-related lncRNA (HRL) model to predict the survival outcomes of patient with lower-grade glioma (LGG). The RNA-sequencing data of 505 LGG samples were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using consensus clustering based on the expression of hypoxia-related mRNAs, these samples were divided into three subsets that exhibit distinct hypoxia content, clinicopathologic features, and survival status. The differentially expressed lncRNAs across the subgroups were documented as candidate HRLs. With LASSO regression analysis, eight informative lncRNAs were selected for constructing the prognostic HRL model. This signature had a good performance in predicting LGG patients' overall survival in the TCGA cohort, and similar results could be achieved in two validation cohorts from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas. The HRL model also showed correlations with important clinicopathologic characteristics such as patients' age, tumor grade, IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, MGMT methylation, and tumor progression risk. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the HLR signature was mainly involved in regulation of inflammatory response, complement, hypoxia, Kras signaling, and apical junction. More importantly, the signature was related to immune cell infiltration, estimated immune score, tumor mutation burden, neoantigen load, and expressions of immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive cytokines. Finally, a nomogram was developed by integrating the HRL signature and clinicopathologic features, with a concordance index of 0.852 to estimate the survival probability of LGG patients. In conclusion, our study established an effective HRL model for prognosis assessment of LGG patients, which may provide insights for future research and facilitate the designing of individualized treatment.

Keywords: The Cancer Genome Atlas; hypoxia; long non-coding lncRNA; lower-grade glioma; prognosis.