Piezo1 and Piezo2 foster mechanical gating of K2P channels

Abstract

Mechanoelectrical transduction is mediated by the opening of different types of force-sensitive ion channels, including Piezo1/2 and the TREK/TRAAK K_2P channels. Piezo1 curves the membrane locally into an inverted dome that reversibly flattens in response to force application. Moreover, Piezo1 forms numerous preferential interactions with various membrane lipids, including cholesterol. Whether this structural architecture influences the functionality of neighboring membrane proteins is unknown. Here, we show that Piezo1/2 increase TREK/TRAAK current amplitude, slow down activation/deactivation, and remove inactivation upon mechanical stimulation. These findings are consistent with a mechanism whereby Piezo1/2 cause a local depletion of membrane cholesterol associated with a prestress of TREK/TRAAK channels. This regulation occurs in mouse fibroblasts between endogenous Piezo1 and TREK-1/2, both channel types acting in concert to delay wound healing. In conclusion, we demonstrate a community effect between different structural and functional classes of mechanosensitive ion channels.

Keywords: Piezo1; Piezo2; TRAAK; TREK-1; TREK-2; fibroblasts; gums; ion channels; mechanotransduction; wound healing.