Interactions of chemical components in ambient PM2.5 with influenza viruses

Ta-Chih Hsiao; Po-Ching Cheng; Kai Hsien Chi; Hung-Yang Wang; Shih-Yu Pan; Ching Kao; Yueh-Lun Lee; Han-Pin Kuo; Kian Fan Chung; Hsiao-Chi Chuang

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127243

Interactions of chemical components in ambient PM_2.5 with influenza viruses

J Hazard Mater. 2022 Feb 5;423(Pt B):127243. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127243. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Authors

Ta-Chih Hsiao¹, Po-Ching Cheng², Kai Hsien Chi³, Hung-Yang Wang⁴, Shih-Yu Pan⁵, Ching Kao⁶, Yueh-Lun Lee⁷, Han-Pin Kuo⁸, Kian Fan Chung⁹, Hsiao-Chi Chuang¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: tchsiao@ntu.edu.tw.
² Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for International Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: bonjovi@tmu.edu.tw.
³ Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: khchi2@ym.edu.tw.
⁴ Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for International Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: shatroll8447@outlook.com.
⁵ Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: shelly.pan923@hotmail.com.
⁶ School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: kaoxching@gmail.com.
⁷ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: yllee@tmu.edu.tw.
⁸ Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: q8828@tmu.edu.tw.
⁹ National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address: f.chung@imperial.ac.uk.
¹⁰ School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: chuanghc@tmu.edu.t.

PMID: 34844361
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127243

Abstract

The significance of this work is that ambient PM_2.5 is a direct transmission mode for influenza virus infection to the human alveolar epithelium. The concentration of PM_2.5 was 11.7 ± 5.5 μg/m³ in Taipei during 24 December 2019-13 January 2020. Approximately 79% of inhaled PM_2.5 is able to reach the upper-to-lower airway, and 47% of PM_2.5 is able to reach the alveolar epithelium for influenza virus infection. Influenza A and B viruses were detected in PM_2.5 on 9 days, and the influenza A/H5 virus was detected on 15 days during the study period. FL and Pyr were negatively correlated with the influenza A virus. D(ah)P and Acp were positively correlated with the influenza B and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Cd, V, and Zn were positively correlated with the influenza A, B, and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Next, influenza A, B, and A/H5 viral plasmids interacted with carbon black, H₂O₂, DEPs, and UD. We observed that H₂O₂ significantly decreased levels of complementary DNA of the three influenza viruses. DEPs and UD significantly decreased influenza A and A/H5 viral levels. In conclusion, chemicals in PM_2.5 may play vital roles in terms of viable influenza virus in the atmosphere.

Keywords: Air pollution; Metal; Particulate matter; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Respiratory system.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants* / analysis
Humans
Hydrogen Peroxide
Orthomyxoviridae*
Particulate Matter / analysis

Substances

Air Pollutants
Particulate Matter
Hydrogen Peroxide