Short leg cast versus orthotic removable support for the management of pseudo-Jones avulsion fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Injury. 2022 Feb;53(2):739-745. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.11.032. Epub 2021 Nov 16.

Abstract

Background: The fifth metatarsal base avulsion fracture (i.e., Pseudo-Jones fracture) is one of the most common foot fractures. The management of pseudo-Jones fractures could be carried out surgically or conservatively. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide an update about the efficacy of orthotic removable support compared to short-leg casting for individuals with pseudo-Jones fracture.

Methods: We searched Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the clinical outcomes of orthotic removable support and short-leg cast for adult individuals with a fifth metatarsal base avulsion fracture. We used 95% as a confidence level and P <0.05 as a threshold. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for the continuous outcomes, and the risk ratio (RR) was used for the dichotomous outcomes.

Results: A total of 6 RCTs incorporating 403 individuals out were deemed eligible. There was no significant difference between orthotic removable support and short-leg casting regarding AOFAS score (standardized mean difference (SMD)= 0.31, 95% CI -0.17 to 0.8), pain on VAS score (SMD= -0.08, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.22), VAS-FA score (SMD= 0.22, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.62) EQ-5D VAS score, and non-union rate (RR=0.37, 95% CI 0.05 to 2.74).

Conclusion: The current meta-analysis reveals that there is no difference between orthotic removable support and short-leg casting for the conservative management of individuals sustaining pseudo-Jones fracture.

Keywords: Avulsion fracture; Fifth metatarsal; Hard-soled shoes; Pseudo-Jones fracture; Short leg cast; Zone 1 fracture.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Ankle Injuries*
  • Fractures, Avulsion*
  • Fractures, Bone* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Leg
  • Metatarsal Bones*