Ammonium Formate-Pd/C as a New Reducing System for 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles. Synthesis of Guanidine Derivatives and Reductive Rearrangement to Quinazolin-4-Ones with Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 14;22(22):12301. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212301.

Abstract

1,2,4-Oxadiazole is a heterocycle with wide reactivity and many useful applications. The reactive O-N bond is usually reduced using molecular hydrogen to obtain amidine derivatives. NH4CO2H-Pd/C is here demonstrated as a new system for the O-N reduction, allowing us to obtain differently substituted acylamidine, acylguanidine and diacylguanidine derivatives. The proposed system is also effective for the achievement of a reductive rearrangement of 5-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles into 1-alkylquinazolin-4(1H)-ones. The alkaloid glycosine was also obtained with this method. The obtained compounds were preliminarily tested for their biological activity in terms of their cytotoxicity, induced oxidative stress, α-glucosidase and DPP4 inhibition, showing potential application as anti-diabetics.

Keywords: 1,2,4-oxadiazole; acylguanidine; ammonium formate; diacylguanidine; palladium; quinazolin-4-one; reduction.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Diabetes Mellitus / enzymology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / prevention & control
  • Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / metabolism
  • Formates / chemistry*
  • Guanidines / chemical synthesis
  • Guanidines / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry*
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Models, Chemical
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oxadiazoles / chemistry*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Palladium / chemistry*
  • Quinazolinones / chemistry*
  • alpha-Glucosidases / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Formates
  • Guanidines
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Oxadiazoles
  • Quinazolinones
  • formic acid
  • Palladium
  • 4-hydroxyquinazoline
  • alpha-Glucosidases
  • Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4