Anaphylaxis: Epidemiology and Differential Diagnosis

Megan S Motosue; James T Li; Ronna L Campbell

doi:10.1016/j.iac.2021.09.010

Anaphylaxis: Epidemiology and Differential Diagnosis

Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2022 Feb;42(1):13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.09.010.

Authors

Megan S Motosue¹, James T Li², Ronna L Campbell³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Allergy and Immunology, Kaiser Honolulu Clinic, 1010 Pensacola Street, Honolulu, HI, USA. Electronic address: Megan.S.Motosue@kp.org.
² Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
³ Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest Generose Building G-410, Rochester, MN, USA.

PMID: 34823743
DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.09.010

Abstract

Anaphylaxis-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations are increasing. Triggers for anaphylaxis include food, medications, and stinging insects. Idiopathic anaphylaxis accounts for 30% to 60% of cases of anaphylaxis in adults and up to 10% of cases in children with novel allergens such as galactose-α-1,3 galactose reclassifying these cases. Recent practice guidelines have recommended against the routine use of systemic corticosteroids and antihistamines for the prevention of biphasic reactions and recommend an extended observation, up to 6 hours, for those with risk factors for biphasic anaphylaxis and those with lack of access to epinephrine and to emergency medical services.

Keywords: Anaphylaxis; Differential Diagnosis; Epidemiology.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adult
Anaphylaxis* / diagnosis
Anaphylaxis* / epidemiology
Anaphylaxis* / etiology
Child
Diagnosis, Differential
Emergency Medical Services*
Emergency Service, Hospital
Epinephrine / therapeutic use
Humans

Substances

Epinephrine