Little is known about the attainment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets in patients treated with statins in Australian primary healthcare setting that are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from electronic medical records of patients treated by general practitioners across Australia. LDL-C target attainment was defined as LDL-C levels ≤ 2 mmol/L for all risk groups, in line with Australian guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with LDL-C target attainment. Overall, 61,407 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 65 years (± standard deviation [SD] 12.1); 52.0% were males.. Overall, the median LDL-C level was 2.3 mmol/L (IQR = 1.8 - 2.8) and 36.0% of the study population met therapeutic targets. Increased likelihood to achieve LDL-C targets was observed in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.92 - 2.24), stroke (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.39 - 1.79, P < 0.001) or chronic heart disease (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.55 - 1.81, P < 0.001). Patients diagnosed with dyslipidemia (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.55 - 0.64, P < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.83 - 1.00, P < 0.05) and current smokers (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.71 - 1.00, P < 0.05), were less likely to attain LDL-C targets, regardless of the type, intensity and length of use of the prescribed statin. Longer duration and higher intensity statin were associated with more patients achieving targeted LDL-C goal, however nearly two thirds of Australians still failed to achieve targeted outcome even after 24 months of statin therapy.
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