Inverted-T pattern reduction mammoplasty in bilateral breast ptosis: cosmetic and oncological outcomes

Huayu Hu; Qingyu Guan; Yiqiong Zheng; Yuting Zhong; Ningning Min; Yufan Wei; Rui Geng; Chenyan Hong; Jie Li; Yanjun Zhang; Xiru Li

doi:10.21037/gs-21-561

Inverted-T pattern reduction mammoplasty in bilateral breast ptosis: cosmetic and oncological outcomes

Gland Surg. 2021 Oct;10(10):2925-2934. doi: 10.21037/gs-21-561.

Authors

Huayu Hu^{1

2}, Qingyu Guan^{1

2}, Yiqiong Zheng², Yuting Zhong^{2

3}, Ningning Min^{1

2}, Yufan Wei^{1

2}, Rui Geng^{2

3}, Chenyan Hong^{1

2}, Jie Li², Yanjun Zhang², Xiru Li²

Affiliations

¹ School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
² Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
³ Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Background: Breast ptosis is directly caused by Cooper's ligament laxity, with the decline of nipple areola complex (NAC) and mammary parenchyma. Breast cancer with ptosis is always a knotty problem that can hardly be repaired by classic breast conservation surgery (BCS) ending up with a pleasing appearance. We analyzed our 12 years' experience of performing inverted-T pattern techniques to treat bilateral breast ptosis, with or without breast cancer.

Methods: One hundred forty-eight breasts in 74 patients undergoing inverted-T pattern reduction mammoplasty were included in this study. Information about patients' clinical and surgical characteristics, complications, NAC sensitivity, cosmetic and oncological outcomes were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Results: In the cohort of 57 patients with pure breast ptosis, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.2 kg/m², and the mean weight of resected tissue from the left and right breast reductions were 744.9 and 756.7 g. In the cohort of 17 patients diagnosed as breast cancer with ptosis, the mean BMI was 25.1 kg/m², and the mean weight of resected tissue were 504.1 g for left and 535.6 g for right side. The majority of repairs were performed for tumors located in the upper outer (58.8%), mostly with inferior or superomedial pedicles (90%). All the upper inner tumors were repaired with inferior pedicles. Minor complications such as seroma (8.1%), NAC epidermolysis (8.1%), delayed wound healing (4.1%) were detected postoperatively. Partial NAC necrosis occurred in one patient (1.4%). 82.4% of all the patients rated "very satisfied" or "satisfied" as the final cosmetic outcomes. NAC sensitivity was "very high" and "high" in 82.4% patients. No local occurrence, distant metastasis and mortality occurred in tumor patients.

Conclusions: The inverted-T pattern reduction mammoplasty is a reliable technique to treat bilateral breast ptosis with a low complication rate. For cases with breast cancer, this technique can achieve both satisfying cosmetic outcomes and oncological safety.

Keywords: Breast ptosis; breast cancer; invert-T pattern; reduction mammoplasty.