Characterisation of a novel KRAS G12C inhibitor ASP2453 that shows potent anti-tumour activity in KRAS G12C-mutated preclinical models

Br J Cancer. 2022 Mar;126(5):744-753. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01629-x. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Abstract

Background: KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in various cancers, and several novel KRAS G12C direct inhibitors are now in clinical trials. Here, we characterised the anti-tumour efficacy of ASP2453, a novel KRAS G12C inhibitor, in preclinical models of KRAS G12C-mutated cancer.

Methods: We evaluated the in vitro and in vivo activity of ASP2453, alone or in combination with targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, in KRAS G12C-mutated cancer cells and xenograft models. We also assessed pharmacological differences between ASP2453 and AMG 510, another KRAS G12C inhibitor, using an SPR assay, washout experiments and an AMG 510-resistant xenograft model.

Results: ASP2453 potently and selectively inhibited KRAS G12C-mediated growth, KRAS activation and downstream signalling in vitro and in vivo, and improved the anti-tumour effects of targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Further, ASP2453 had more rapid binding kinetics to KRAS G12C protein and showed more potent inhibitory effects on KRAS activation and cell proliferation after washout than AMG 510. ASP2453 also induced tumour regression in an AMG 510-resistant xenograft model.

Conclusions: ASP2453 is a potential therapeutic agent for KRAS G12C-mutated cancer. ASP2453 showed efficacy in AMG 510-resistant tumours, even among compounds with the same mode of action.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects*
  • HCT116 Cells
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mutation*
  • Piperazines / administration & dosage*
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics*
  • Pyridines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyridines / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology
  • Random Allocation
  • Small Molecule Libraries / administration & dosage*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • KRAS protein, human
  • Piperazines
  • Pyridines
  • Pyrimidines
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • sotorasib
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)