Neural and glial damage markers in women after long-term weight-recovery from anorexia nervosa

Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022 Jan:135:105576. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105576. Epub 2021 Oct 28.

Abstract

Purpose: The acute state of anorexia nervosa (AN) is accompanied by increased peripheral concentrations of brain-derived damage markers indicative of ongoing neural and glial damage processes. Although these findings correspond with well-documented structural brain changes in the disorder, it remains unclear whether abnormal levels of brain-derived damage markers persist after long-term weight-recovery from AN.

Methods: To address this question, we used single-molecule array (Simoa) technology to measure serum levels of neurofilament light (NF-L), tau protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in a group of 55 long-term weight-recovered women with a history of AN (recAN) and 55 age-matched healthy controls. Strict exclusion criteria allowed us to control for confounds present in previous studies including most importantly neurological conditions.

Results: We found not only no group differences but also statistical evidence for equal damage marker levels between groups using Bayesian hypothesis testing.

Conclusion: These results provide evidence for the absence of neuronal and glial damage processes after long-term weight-recovery from AN. Together, our findings are indicative of complete normalization following long-term weight restoration provide hope that recovery from AN halts neuronal damage processes and support the need to test potential candidates for therapeutic interventions including pharmacological neuroprotection.

Keywords: Anorexia nervosa; Biomarker; Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Neurofilament light; Recovery; Tau protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anorexia Nervosa* / pathology
  • Anorexia Nervosa* / rehabilitation
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Biomarkers
  • Brain Injuries* / pathology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Neuroglia* / pathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers