On the asymptotic behavior of the average geodesic distance L and the compactness CB of simple connected undirected graphs whose order approaches infinity

PLoS One. 2021 Nov 15;16(11):e0259776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259776. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

The average geodesic distance L Newman (2003) and the compactness CB Botafogo (1992) are important graph indices in applications of complex network theory to real-world problems. Here, for simple connected undirected graphs G of order n, we study the behavior of L(G) and CB(G), subject to the condition that their order |V(G)| approaches infinity. We prove that the limit of L(G)/n and CB(G) lies within the interval [0;1/3] and [2/3;1], respectively. Moreover, for any not necessarily rational number β ∈ [0;1/3] (α ∈ [2/3;1]) we show how to construct the sequence of graphs {G}, |V(G)| = n → ∞, for which the limit of L(G)/n (CB(G)) is exactly β (α) (Theorems 1 and 2). Based on these results, our work points to novel classification possibilities of graphs at the node level as well as to the information-theoretic classification of the structural complexity of graph indices.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Humans
  • Models, Theoretical*
  • Modems

Grants and funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.