Apical Extrusion of Debris during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next, WaveOne Gold and Twisted Files

Wojciech Eliasz; Beata Czarnecka; Anna Surdacka

doi:10.3390/ma14216254

Apical Extrusion of Debris during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next, WaveOne Gold and Twisted Files

Materials (Basel). 2021 Oct 21;14(21):6254. doi: 10.3390/ma14216254.

Authors

Wojciech Eliasz¹, Beata Czarnecka², Anna Surdacka¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
² Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.

Abstract

(1) Background: Apical extrusion of debris is an example of a complication that may arise during root canal treatment, and it has been proven to be an unavoidable occurrence during endodontic treatment by numerous authors. Even though it may not hinder the long-term outcome of treatment, it may lead directly to increased levels of postoperative pain and, therefore, lower levels of patient acceptance and satisfaction. The aim of the study was to assess the weight of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation with instruments that use different movement kinematics (rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive motion); (2) Methods: The study was performed using the Myers and Montgomery model. Sixty human premolar teeth were inserted into preweighed Eppendorf tubes and randomly classified into three groups. After manual glide-path preparation, teeth in each group were instrumented to working length set 1 mm short of the anatomical apex using the standard sequence provided by the manufacturers (for Group 1: ProTaper Next X1 & X2; for Group 2: WaveOne Gold Primary, for Group 3: Twisted Files SM1-SM3). Root canals were irrigated with 1 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution between each file insertion. The tubes with collected debris were stored in an incubator at 70 °C for 5 days in order to evaporate the liquid component. Measurement of the weight of extruded debris was performed by subtracting the preinstrumentation from the postinstrumentation weight of the tubes. The results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, with significance level set at 0.05; (3) Results: The weight of extruded debris was 0.337 mg (SD = 0.148) for Group 1, 0.305 mg (SD = 0.201) for Group 2, and 0.348 mg (SD = 0.135) for Group 3. (4) Conclusions: Engine-driven root canal preparation with the use of instruments ProTaper Next, WaveOne Gold and Twisted Files that use different movement kinematics (rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive motion) was associated with apical extrusion of debris to a similar extent.

Keywords: endodontic instruments; endodontics; root canal preparation.