Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes a lot of harm to human health but is treated by only supportive therapy in most cases. Recent evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) benefit kidney regeneration through releasing paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the recipient kidney cells and are considered to be promising cellular therapy for AKI. To develop more efficient, precise therapies for AKI, we review the therapeutic mechanism of MSCs and MSC-derived EVs in AKI and look for a better understanding of molecular signaling and cellular communication between donor MSCs and recipient kidney cells. We also review recent clinical trials of MSC-EVs in AKI. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of MSCs' therapeutic effects on kidney regeneration, expecting to comprehensively facilitate future clinical application for treating AKI.
Keywords:
acute kidney injury; extracellular vesicles; mesenchymal stem cells.
MeSH terms
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Acute Kidney Injury / metabolism
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Acute Kidney Injury / therapy*
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Animals
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Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / methods
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Extracellular Vesicles / physiology
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Extracellular Vesicles / transplantation*
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Guided Tissue Regeneration / methods
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Humans
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Kidney / metabolism
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells / physiology
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Regeneration
Grants and funding
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Yin Yen-Liang Foundation Development and Construction Plan (107F-M01-0504)/National Yang-Ming University
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MOST 108-2923-B-010-002-MY3, MOST 109-2314-B-010-053-MY3, MOST 109-2811-B-010-532, MOST 109-2926-I-010-502, MOST 109-2823-8-010-003-CV, MOST 109-2622-B-010-006, MOST 109-2321-B-010-006, MOST 110-2923-B-A49A-501-MY3, and MOST 110-2321-B-A49-003/Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
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V106D25-003-MY3, VGHUST107-G5-3-3, VGHUST109-V5-1-2, and V110C-194/Taipei Veterans General Hospital
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Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B)/Ministry of Education