Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII® ) score and the bone health of menopausal women.
Methods: A total of 2461 participants were included in the analysis from the NHANES database 2009-2018 and 2005-2006. The association between the DII and Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) was evaluated through a multiple linear regression model.
Results: The mean DII in this study was +0.89 (SD 0.18) and the scores ranged from -5.46 (most anti-inflammatory) to +4.58 (most pro-inflammatory). After adjusting for confounding factors, higher DII is associated with an increased risk of decreased total bone density (Model III, β -0.012; 95% CI -0.023, -0.001). There is a similar correlation found in bone density content and other indicators of bone mineral density. At the same time, we used BMI as a stratified variable for subgroup analysis, we found that higher DII (continuous) was associated with a significantly higher risk of decreased total bone density in overweight/obese postmenopausal women (β -0.018; 95% CI -0.025, -0.006).
Conclusion: A higher DII score is significantly associated with lower bone density and bone density in postmenopausal women, especially women who are overweight/obese.
Keywords: Dietary Inflammatory Index; bone health; menopausal women.
© 2021 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.