The association of maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-to-delivery interval and the levels of maternal and cord blood antibodies

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2022 Mar;156(3):436-443. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14014. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation of maternal and cord blood levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pregnant women immunized against COVID-19.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed of pregnant women who delivered at a single university affiliated tertiary medical center. Women who received the COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2 Pfizer©) were approached. The correlation between levels of maternal sera and umbilical cord SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG was assessed.

Results: Overall, 58 women were included; of them, 19 had received a single dose and 39 received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Positive levels of umbilical cord IgG were found in 13/19 (68.4%) and 38/39 (97.4%) women after the administration of a single dose and two doses of the vaccine, respectively. The levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the maternal sera of vaccinated women were positively correlated to their respective concentrations in cord blood sera (ρ = 0.857; R2 linear = 0.719; P < 0.001). Thirteen days after vaccination, the ratio of maternal-to-umbilical cord anti Spike IgG antibodies was approximately 1, indicating relatively similar levels in maternal and cord sera.

Conclusion: After the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, levels of maternal and cord blood antibodies were positively correlated, especially when tested after 13 days following administration of the first dose of the vaccine.

Keywords: SARS-COV-2; antibodies; cord blood; vaccination.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • BNT162 Vaccine
  • COVID-19 Vaccines*
  • COVID-19*
  • Female
  • Fetal Blood
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • BNT162 Vaccine