The quality and antioxidant elucidation of germinated flaxseed treated with acidic electrolyzed water

Shasha Huang; Haicheng Zhang; Xiaopeng Qin; Chengzhen Nie; Xiao Yu; Qianchun Deng

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2538

The quality and antioxidant elucidation of germinated flaxseed treated with acidic electrolyzed water

Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Sep 10;9(11):6031-6046. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2538. eCollection 2021 Nov.

Authors

Shasha Huang¹, Haicheng Zhang¹, Xiaopeng Qin¹, Chengzhen Nie¹, Xiao Yu¹, Qianchun Deng²

Affiliations

¹ College of Food and Bioengineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety Zhengzhou China.
² Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, and Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan China.

Abstract

The endogenous fortification of antioxidant lipid concomitants in flaxseed was imperative to improve the oxidative stability of α-linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed and flaxseed oil upon processing, storage and gastrointestinal digestion. The comparative effects of acidic electrolyzed water (ACEW) and tap water (TW) on the triglyceride configuration, typical lipid concomitants, and antioxidant properties of flaxseed were conducted during 0-5 days of germination. The results showed that ACEW enhanced the germination rate of flaxseed by 18.25% and simultaneously suppressed the dynamic depletion of ALA by 5.32% when compared with TW (p < .05). The total phenolic acids, lignans, and flavonoids were effectively accumulated in flaxseed following ACEW-mediated germination with the further increase by 4.82%, 15.48%, and 8.22% in comparison with those induced by TW (p < .05). The total contents of cyclolinopeptides in flaxseed progressively dropped following either ACEW or TW treatment, a slighter decrease by 5.59% for flaxseed treated by ACEW than that by TW. Notably, the maximum accumulation of tocopherols and phytosterols had been early obtained for flaxseed treated with ACEW for 2-3 days due to the de novo synthesis or intermolecular conformational transition (p < .05). Most importantly, ACEW-mediated germination led to higher increment of the thermal oxidative stability and antioxidant properties of flaxseed and flaxseed oil in comparison to TW. In brief, the initial oxidation temperature increased by 7.09% and 3.06% (p < .05), and the antioxidant activities as evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP values raised by 3.86%-28.07% and 4.21%-9.18% (p < .05), respectively. These findings clarify that the germination especailly mediated by ACEW could be an effective method to further optimize the nutritional and functional properties of flaxseed through reconstructing the endogenous antioxidant system.

Keywords: acidic electrolyzed water; antioxidant properties; flaxseed; germination; lipid concomitants.