The Growth, physiological and biochemical response of foxtail millet to atrazine herbicide

Alam Sher; Muhammad Mudassir Maqbool; Javed Iqbal; Muhammad Nadeem; Sajid Faiz; Hafeez Noor; Yasir Hamid; Xiangyang Yuan; Guo Pingyi

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.002

The Growth, physiological and biochemical response of foxtail millet to atrazine herbicide

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Nov;28(11):6471-6479. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.002. Epub 2021 Jul 12.

Authors

Alam Sher^{1

2}, Muhammad Mudassir Maqbool², Javed Iqbal², Muhammad Nadeem³, Sajid Faiz⁴, Hafeez Noor¹, Yasir Hamid⁵, Xiangyang Yuan¹, Guo Pingyi¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Crop Chemical Regulation and Chemical Weed Control, College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China.
² Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, D.G. Khan, Pakistan.
³ School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
⁴ Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, 22620 Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
⁵ Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ Remediation and Ecol Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Abstract

Foxtail millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a vital crop that is planted as food and fodder crop around the globe. There is only limited information is present for abiotic stresses on the physiological responses to atrazine. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different atrazine dosages on the growth, fluorescence and physiological parameters i.e., malonaldehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H₂O₂ and O₂) in the leaves to know the extent of atrazine on oxidative damage of foxtail millet. Our experiment consisted of 0, 2.5, 12.5, 22.5 and 32.5 (mg/kg) of labeled atrazine doses on 2 foxtaill millet varieties. High doses of atrazine significantly enhanced ROS and MDA synthesis in the plant leaves. Enzymes activities like ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) activities enhanced, while catalase (CAD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities reduced with increasing atrazine concentrations. Finally atrazine doses at 32.5 mg/kg reduced chlorophyll contents, while chlorophyll (a/b) ratio also enhanced. Biomass, plant height, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, minimal and maximal fluorescence (Fo, Fm), maximum and actual quantum yield, photochemical quenching coefficient, and electron transport rate are decreased with increasing atrazine doses.

Keywords: AsA; Ascorbate peroxidase, APX, peroxidase, POD; Atrazine; Bensulfuron-methyl, BSM; DHA; Foxtail millet; GSH; Glutathione reductase, GR; Malonaldehyde, MDA; Physiological and yield parameters; Reactive oxygen species, ROS; Superoxide dismutases, SOD; thiobarbituric acid, TBA.