Prevalence and Associated Factors of Kidney Dysfunction in Patients with Hypertension and/or Diabetes Mellitus from a Primary Care Population in Northwest China

Mengyue Lin; Mulalibieke Heizhati; Lin Wang; Lin Gan; Mei Li; Wenbo Yang; Ling Yao; Zhongrong Wang; Zhikang Yang; Reyila Abudoyreyimu; Zihao Wu; Nanfang Li

doi:10.2147/IJGM.S329604

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Kidney Dysfunction in Patients with Hypertension and/or Diabetes Mellitus from a Primary Care Population in Northwest China

Int J Gen Med. 2021 Nov 2:14:7567-7578. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S329604. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Mengyue Lin^{1

2}, Mulalibieke Heizhati², Lin Wang², Lin Gan^{1

2}, Mei Li², Wenbo Yang², Ling Yao², Zhongrong Wang², Zhikang Yang², Reyila Abudoyreyimu², Zihao Wu², Nanfang Li^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China.
² Hypertension Center of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

Purpose: The burden of kidney dysfunction (KD) is rapidly increasing in developing countries due to an ongoing epidemic of hypertension and diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of KD among population with hypertension and/or diabetes from primary care setting.

Methods: This study was part of a cross-sectional study conducted in Northwest China, which aimed to investigate the epidemiological status of hypertension and other chronic noninfectious diseases. Subjects aged ≥18 years old with hypertension and/or diabetes were included in this study. KD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 mL/min/1.73m². Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with KD. Sensitivity analysis was performed by comparing the results of different estimated equations for GFR.

Results: A total of 8899 participants with hypertension and/or diabetes were included. Prevalence of KD was 8.69% (n=144) among patients with both hypertension and DM, 3.36% (n=198) among patients with only hypertension, and 5.22% (n=70) among patients with only diabetes. Women showed higher prevalent KD than men. Modifiable factors independently associated with KD among patients with hypertension and/or diabetes included physical activity, duration of hypertension or DM, anemia, fasting plasma glucose and triglyceride. Results of different estimated equations showed similar trends of difference in the prevalence of KD among groups.

Conclusion: KD is common in patients with hypertension and/or DM in Northwest China. More attention should be paid to high-risk patients, especially to those with co-existence of hypertension and DM. Control of blood glucose and triglyceride may further improve KD management in this patient population.

Keywords: diabetes; epidemiology; hypertension; kidney dysfunction.

Grants and funding

This work is partly funded by National Key R&D Program of China (grant number: 2018YFC1311503), and National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research (grant number: 2019[155]).