Hospital admission trends due to respiratory diseases in England and Wales between 1999 and 2019: an ecologic study

Abdallah Y Naser; Munthir M Mansour; Abeer F R Alanazi; Omar Sabha; Hassan Alwafi; Zahraa Jalal; Vibhu Paudyal; Mohammad S Dairi; Emad M Salawati; Jaber S Alqahtan; Shalan Alaamri; Moaath K Mustafa Ali

doi:10.1186/s12890-021-01736-8

Hospital admission trends due to respiratory diseases in England and Wales between 1999 and 2019: an ecologic study

BMC Pulm Med. 2021 Nov 8;21(1):356. doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01736-8.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, 11622, Jordan. abdallah.naser@iu.edu.jo.
² Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Center, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
³ Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK.
⁴ Al Khalidi Hospital and Medical Center, Amman, 11183, Jordan.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, 21514, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
⁷ Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah University, Jeddah, 24231, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 20742, USA.

Abstract

Background: Identifying trends of hospital admissions for respiratory diseases is crucial for public health and research to guide future clinical improvements for better outcomes. This study aims to define the trends of respiratory disease-related hospital admissions (RRHA) in England and Wales between 1999 and 2019.

Methods: An ecological study was conducted using hospital admission data taken from the Hospital Episode Statistics database in England and the Patient Episode Database for Wales. Hospital admissions data for respiratory diseases were extracted for the period between April 1999 and March 2019. The trend in hospital admissions was assessed using a Poisson model.

Results: Hospital admission rate increased by 104.7% [from 1535.05 (95% CI 1531.71-1538.38) in 1999 to 3142.83 (95% CI 3138.39-3147.26) in 2019 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p < 0.01]. The most common causes were influenza and pneumonia, chronic lower respiratory diseases, other acute lower respiratory infections, which accounted for 26.6%, 26.4%, and 14.9%, respectively. The age group 75 years and above accounted for 34.1% of the total number of hospital admissions. Males contributed to 50.5% of the total number of hospital admissions. Hospital admission rate in females increased by 119.8% [from 1442.18 (95% CI 1437.66-1446.70) in 1999 to 3169.38 (95% CI 3163.11-3175.64) in 2019 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p < 0.001]. Hospital admission rate increased by 92.9% in males [from 1633.25 (95% CI 1628.32-1638.17) in 1999 to 3149.78 (95% CI 3143.46-3156.09) in 2019 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p < 0.001].

Conclusion: During the study period, hospital admissions rate due to respiratory diseases increased sharply. The rates of hospital admissions were higher among males for the vast majority of respiratory diseases. Further observational studies are warranted to identify risk factors for these hospital admissions and to offer relevant interventions to mitigate the risk.

Keywords: Admissions; England; Hospital; Respiratory; United Kingdom; Wales.

Publication types

Comparative Study

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Child
Databases, Factual
England / epidemiology
Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data*
Hospitalization / trends*
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Respiratory Tract Diseases / epidemiology*
Sex Distribution
Wales / epidemiology
Young Adult