Background: An increasing emphasis on a paradigm shift from the traditional teacher-centered approach has led to the adoption of learner-centered teaching in many nursing education programs. However, the lack of consensus regarding the meaning warranted an analysis of learner-centered teaching.
Objective: The objective of this analysis was to clarify the concept of learner-centered teaching for nursing education and research.
Design: An evolutionary framework was used to perform a comprehensive review of both theoretical and empirical literature relevant to learner-centered teaching. An evolutionary concept analysis is a method of inquiry used to analyze the literature, with the purpose of identifying the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of a concept.
Sample and setting: Empirical and theoretical literature selected from the fields of education, nursing, and medicine.
Methods: A comprehensive review and analysis of theoretical and empirical publications from nursing, medicine and education disciplines provided a rich data source for this concept analysis.
Results: Four defining attributes of learner-centered teaching were identified: autonomy, empowerment, collaboration, and engagement. Four antecedents, three surrogate terms, eight related concepts, and nine primary consequences of learner-centered teaching were also identified. Exemplar cases of learner-centered teaching emerged from personal teaching practice experience and the empirical literature.
Conclusions: Learner-centered teaching is a complex concept with many aspects conceptualized or operationalized which make it difficult to authoritatively define the concept. However, the features of learner-centered teaching identified in this analysis offered a good basis for the evaluation, application, and further development of the concept in nursing.
Keywords: Concept analysis; Evolutionary concept analysis; Learner-centered teaching; Nursing education; Theory development.
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