Hepatitis C: Current State of Treatment in Children

Pediatr Clin North Am. 2021 Dec;68(6):1321-1331. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2021.07.008.

Abstract

Hepatitis C in children is on the rise due to perinatal transmission from infected mothers, and high-risk practices in adolescents and young adults. Prevalence remains underestimated because children at high risk are often not screened. Treatment has evolved over the past decade with the advent of new drugs, and global elimination is now possible. Direct-acting antiviral combinations are safe and effective, with sustained viral suppression rate >90%, and Food and Drug Administration-approved for children ≥3 years old. Although challenging, efficient screening and treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus early is cost-effective and reduces burden of disease and its complications.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Direct-acting antivirals; HCV; Hepatitis C; Screening; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hepacivirus / immunology
  • Hepatitis C / diagnosis*
  • Hepatitis C / drug therapy*
  • Hepatitis C / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis C / transmission
  • Hepatitis C Antibodies / analysis
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Pregnancy
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Hepatitis C Antibodies