Clinical features of patients with Yin Yang 1 deficiency causing Gabriele-de Vries syndrome: A new case and review of the literature

Abstract

Background: Gabriele-de Vries syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by de novo pathogenic variants in YY1. In this study, we report a 10-year-old boy with a de novo novel pathogenic variant in YY1, the first Iranian patient with Gabriele-de Vries Syndrome.

Methods: The novel de novo pathogenic variant detected in this study (NM_003403:c.690delA, p.Glu231Ilefs*25) was identified by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

Results: The proband presented with delayed motor and speech development, ataxia, abnormal gait, autistic behavior, brain atrophy, and severe learning disability. Finally, we provide a case-based review of the clinical features associated with Gabriele-de Vries Syndrome. Thus far, merely 13 Gabriele-de Vries Syndrome patients have been reported in the literature.

Conclusion: The investigations for a suspected case of Gabriele-de Vries Syndrome must involve molecular diagnosis of the disease and its underlying genetic defect because the clinical investigations are generally variable and nonspecific.

Keywords: Gabriele-de Vries syndrome (GADEVS); YY1; whole-exome sequencing.