The Association of Myositis Specific Antibodies in Patients with Inflammatory Myositis: Preliminary Data in Indian Patients

Natasha Vijay Negalur; Gayatri G Ekbote; Dhiren N Raval; Dhaval V Tanna; Wasim S Kazi; Muzaffar A Bindroo; Durgarao J Yadavalli; Rajiva Gupta

doi:10.4103/aian.AIAN_1151_20

The Association of Myositis Specific Antibodies in Patients with Inflammatory Myositis: Preliminary Data in Indian Patients

Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2021 Jul-Aug;24(4):552-558. doi: 10.4103/aian.AIAN_1151_20. Epub 2021 May 21.

Authors

Natasha Vijay Negalur¹, Gayatri G Ekbote¹, Dhiren N Raval¹, Dhaval V Tanna¹, Wasim S Kazi¹, Muzaffar A Bindroo¹, Durgarao J Yadavalli¹, Rajiva Gupta¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medanta - The Medicity Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

Abstract

Context: Autoantibodies have a role in the diagnosis and prognosis in Autoimmune Inflammatory Myositis (AIM).

Aims: The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and clinical correlation of myositis specific and associated antibodies (MSA and MAA) in AIM.

Setting and design: This was a cross-sectional observational study.

Methods and materials: Consecutive AIM patents were divided into groups as dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), CTD-associated myositis (CTD-M), cancer-associated myositis (CAM) and juvenile myositis (JM). Their data along with serum samples were collected after obtaining informed consent. Sera was analyzed for IgG antibodies against Jo-1, PL-7, PL-12, EJ, SRP, Mi-2, MDA-5, TIF1γ, SAE1, SAE2, NXP2 and SSA/R052kD using the microELISA technique. The institutional ethics committee approved the study.

Statistical analysis: SPSS software (version 24.0) was used. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: There were 48 patients (DM = 19, PM = 19, CTD-M = 5, CAM = 2, JM = 3) included. MSA were positive in 37.5% patients. Antibodies against Mi-2 were present in 6 (12.5%), Jo-1 in 5 (10.4%), 2 (4.1%) each had PL-7 and SRP antibodies. One patient (2%) each had MDA-5, NXP2 and TIf1g antibodies. Jo-1 antibody was associated with mechanic's hands and ILD. There was a significant association of rash in the Mi-2 group with none of the patients having ILD. Malignancy screening was negative in NXP2 and TIF1g antibody-positive patients. Ro52 was the most common MAA (33.3%) and was associated with mechanic's hand.

Conclusion: MSA was present in almost 40% of the cohort. Anti Jo-1 antibody was associated with mechanic's hands and ILD. None of the Mi-2 patients had ILD, which may point to a protective role of this antibody for ILD. The association of newer antibodies in Indian patients needs to be further studied in larger cohorts.

Keywords: Antibodies; Indian; MDA-5; NXP2; TIF1g; myositis; myositis specific antibodies.