Effects of sodium butyrate nanoparticles on the hemato-immunological indices, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and gene expression responses in Oreochromisniloticus

Hany M R Abdel-Latif; Basma M Hendam; Mustafa Shukry; Nagi M El-Shafai; Ibrahim M El-Mehasseb; Mahmoud A O Dawood; Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.039

Effects of sodium butyrate nanoparticles on the hemato-immunological indices, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and gene expression responses in Oreochromisniloticus

Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2021 Dec:119:516-523. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.039. Epub 2021 Oct 28.

Authors

Hany M R Abdel-Latif¹, Basma M Hendam², Mustafa Shukry³, Nagi M El-Shafai⁴, Ibrahim M El-Mehasseb⁴, Mahmoud A O Dawood⁵, Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 22758, Egypt. Electronic address: hmhany@alexu.edu.eg.
² Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
³ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
⁴ Nanotechnology Center, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
⁶ Department of Fish Biology and Ecology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research Center, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharqia, Egypt.

PMID: 34718125
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.039

Abstract

Recently, nanotechnology has been greatly developed to provide the aquaculture industry with new beneficial nanomaterials to improve the health and welfare of aquatic animals. Herein, an eight-week experiment was designed to examine the dietary impacts of sodium butyrate nanoparticles (SB-NPs) on the hematological profile, blood proteins, immunological indices, antioxidant capacity, and expression analysis of cytokines and antioxidant-related genes in Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were randomly assigned into 5 experimental groups (3 replicates per group) and were fed diets supplemented with 5 levels of SB-NPs as 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg kg^-1. The results revealed that supplementing diets with SB-NPs (1.0-2.0 mg kg^-1) significantly elevated erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit values, total albumin, globulin, serum lysozyme activities, and total immunoglobulin M values compared with the control group. Notably, the highest levels of the parameters mentioned above were noticed in the group fed diet supplemented with 1.5 mg kg^-1 SB-NPs. Moreover, dietary SB-NPs modulated the fish's antioxidant defense mechanisms, whereas there was a significant increase in hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities along with a significant decline in hepatic malondialdehyde concentrations in fish groups fed diets supplemented with SB-NPs (1.0-2.0 mg kg^-1). A significant upregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes (gpx and sod), anti-inflammatory cytokine (il-10), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (il-1β and il-8) were noticed in liver tissues of SB-NPs groups (0.5-1.5 mg kg^-1). The highest mRNA expression folds of the above genes were recorded in the fish group fed diet supplemented with 1.5 mg kg^-1 SB-NPs. In this context, we hypothesized that dietary supplementation with SB-NPs can boost the antioxidant status and immunity of O. niloticus. However, further research studies are still recommended.

Keywords: Aquaculture: immunity; Feed supplements; Nanoparticles; Oxidative stress.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary

MeSH terms

Animal Feed / analysis
Animals
Antioxidants
Butyric Acid
Cichlids* / genetics
Cytokines / genetics
Diet / veterinary
Dietary Supplements
Fish Diseases*
Gene Expression
Liver
Nanoparticles*

Substances

Antioxidants
Cytokines
Butyric Acid