Phytochemicals modulate pancreatic islet β cell function through glucagon-like peptide-1-related mechanisms

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor-based therapies have been developed and extensively applied in clinical practice. GLP-1 plays an important role in improving glycemic homeostasis by stimulating insulin biosynthesis and secretion, suppressing glucagon activity, delaying gastric emptying, and reducing appetite and food ingestion. Furthermore, GLP-1 has positive effects on β-cell function by promoting β-cell proliferation and neogenesis while simultaneously reducing apoptosis. Here, we summarize possible mechanisms of action of GLP-1 upon pancreatic islets as well as describe phytochemicals that modulate pancreatic islet β cell function through glucagon-like peptide-1-related mechanisms. Together, this information provides potential lead compound candidates against diabetes that function as GLP-1 receptor-based pharmacotherapy.

Keywords: Agonist; Allosteric modulator; Boschnaloside (PubChem CID: 155942); Diabetes mellitus; Fucoidan (PubChem CID: 92023653); Geniposide (PubChem CID: 107848); Genistein (PubChem CID: 5280961); Glucagon-like peptide-1; Myricetin (PubChem CID: 5281672); Phytochemical; Puerarin (PubChem CID: 5281807); Quercetin (PubChem CID: 5280343); [6]-Gingerol (PubChem CID: 442793).