Approach to the Patient with an Incidental Adrenal Mass

Abstract

Adrenal masses are frequently incidentally identified from cross-sectional imaging studies, which are performed for other reasons. The intensity of the approach to the patient with such a mass is tailored to the clinical situation, ranging from a quick evaluation to a detailed work-up. In all cases, the three components of the evaluation are clinical assessment, review of the images, and biochemical testing with the goal of ruling out malignancy and identifying hormonally active lesions. This article incorporates recent information to produce a logical, systematic assessment of these patients with risk stratification and proportionate follow-up.

Keywords: Adenoma; Adrenal; Aldosterone; Cortisol; Hypertension; Pheochromocytoma.