Self-Efficacy Mediates Acculturation and Respite Care Knowledge of Immigrant Caregivers

Shu-Fen Kuo; I-Hui Chen; Tsai-Wei Huang; Nae-Fang Miao; Kath Peters; Min-Huey Chung

doi:10.3390/ijerph182010595

Self-Efficacy Mediates Acculturation and Respite Care Knowledge of Immigrant Caregivers

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 10;18(20):10595. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182010595.

Authors

Shu-Fen Kuo¹, I-Hui Chen¹, Tsai-Wei Huang¹, Nae-Fang Miao², Kath Peters³, Min-Huey Chung^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
² Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
³ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
⁴ Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.

Abstract

Past studies have shown that acculturation and self-efficacy can affect respite care knowledge, which are notable issues among immigrant caregivers due to the rapid increasing aging family members. The aim of this study was to investigate relationships among acculturation, self-efficacy, and respite care knowledge in immigrant caregivers, and to determine the mediating effects of self-efficacy on the relationship between acculturation and respite care knowledge. A cross-sectional design was used. We enrolled 134 female immigrant caregivers who had married Taiwanese men and lived with care recipients who used LTC services. Based on Baron and Kenny' mediating analytic framework, multiple regression and Sobel tests were used to examine whether self-efficacy mediated the relationship between acculturation and respite care knowledge. The findings showed that after controlling for confounding factors, acculturation and self-efficacy separately affected respite care knowledge (B = 0.229, standard error (SE) = 0.084; B = 0.123, SE = 0.049, respectively). Acculturation had a positive impact on respite care knowledge through self-efficacy (B = 0.181, SE = 0.084). Therefore, self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of acculturation on respite care knowledge, and accounted for 20.9% of the total mediating effect in this study. Acculturation predicted immigrant caregiver' respite care knowledge partially through self-efficacy. The association between acculturation and respite care knowledge was partially mediated by immigrant caregivers' self-efficacy. As a result, it was proposed that boosting self-efficacy could increase and drive immigrant caregivers' respite care knowledge. To assist this population in obtaining enough resources, targeted educational programs to promote immigrant caregivers' self-efficacy should be designed and implemented. Furthermore, health care practitioners should be aware of the relevance of immigrant caregivers' acculturation.

Keywords: acculturation; immigrant caregivers; respite care knowledge; self-efficacy.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acculturation
Caregivers*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Emigrants and Immigrants*
Female
Humans
Male
Respite Care
Self Efficacy