Effect of spironolactone on pharmacological treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Minerva Endocrinol (Torino). 2023 Sep;48(3):346-359. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6507.21.03564-8. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was recently renamed to metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to better characterize its pathogenic origin. NAFLD represents, at least in western societies, a potential epidemic with raising prevalence. Its multifactorial pathogenesis is partially unraveled and till now there is no approved pharmacotherapy for NAFLD. A plethora of various choices are investigated in clinical trials, targeting an arsenal of different pathways and molecules. Since the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) appear to be implicated in NAFLD, within this concise review, we focus on a rather classical and inexpensive pharmacological agent, spironolactone. We present the current lines of evidence of MR and RAAS-related preclinical models and human trials reporting an association with NAFLD. In conclusion, evidence about spironolactone of RAAS is commented, as potential future pharmacological management of NAFLD.

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / drug therapy
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / epidemiology
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / metabolism
  • Renin-Angiotensin System
  • Spironolactone* / pharmacology
  • Spironolactone* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Spironolactone
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists