The discovery of hypoglycaemic sulphonamides - Montpellier, 1942

Therapie. 2021 Nov-Dec;76(6):559-566. doi: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.09.003. Epub 2021 Sep 22.

Abstract

The pathophysiological study of diabetes mellitus took an important place in the school of Montpellier since the end of the XIXth century with Emmanuel Hedon's (1863-1933) contribution to the demonstration of the endocrine function of the pancreas. In 1942, a new sulfonamide compound (2254RP) was tested in the infectious diseases department of Pr M. Janbon (1898-1996) on cases of typhoid fever, leading to several deaths rapidly related to hypoglycaemia. The physiologist Auguste Loubatières (1912-1977) rapidly demonstrated that this hypoglycaemic effect required the presence of pancreas and was explained by stimulation of insulin secretion. He contributed to the description of a hypoglycaemic effect of several other sulphonamide compounds. He considered the diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of this class of drugs. This is a good example of a medical discovery combining a favourable local environment, serendipity and perfect experimental approach.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Diabète sucré; Hypoglycaemic drugs; Médicaments hypoglycémiants; Sulfamides; Sulfonamides.

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia*
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • Male
  • Sulfonamides

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • Sulfonamides