TiO2/guar gum hydrogel composite for adsorption and photodegradation of methylene blue

Shella Permatasari Santoso; Artik Elisa Angkawijaya; Vania Bundjaja; Chang-Wei Hsieh; Alchris Woo Go; Maria Yuliana; Hsien-Yi Hsu; Phuong Lan Tran-Nguyen; Felycia Edi Soetaredjo; Suryadi Ismadji

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.044

TiO₂/guar gum hydrogel composite for adsorption and photodegradation of methylene blue

Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Dec 15;193(Pt A):721-733. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.044. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Affiliations

¹ Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Jl. Kalijudan No. 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia; Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, #43 Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan. Electronic address: shella@ukwms.ac.id.
² Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, #43 Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
³ Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, #43 Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145 Xingda Road, 402, South District, Taichung City, Taiwan.
⁵ Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Jl. Kalijudan No. 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia.
⁶ School of Energy and Environment, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
⁷ Mechanical Engineering Department, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu Dist., Can Tho City, Viet Nam.
⁸ Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Jl. Kalijudan No. 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia; Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, #43 Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan.

PMID: 34655594
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.044

Abstract

The development of porous adsorbent materials from renewable resources for water and wastewater treatment has received considerable interest from academia and industry. This work aims to synthesize composite hydrogel from the combination of guar gum (a neutral galactomannan polysaccharide) and TiO₂. The TiO₂-embedded guar gum hydrogel (TiO₂@GGH) was utilized to remove methylene blue through adsorption and photodegradation. The presence of TiO₂ particles in the hydrogel matrix (TiO₂@GGH) was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The mercury intrusion and N₂ sorption isotherm indicate the macroporous structure of the TiO₂@GGH composite, showing the presence of pore sizes ~420 μm. The dye removal efficiency of the GGH and TiO₂@GGH was evaluated in batch mode at ambient temperature under varying pH. The effect of UV radiation on the dye removal efficiency was also assessed. The results demonstrated that the highest dye removal was recorded at pH 10, with the equilibrium condition achieved within 5 h. UV radiation was shown to enhance dye removal. The maximum adsorption capacity of TiO₂@GGH is 198.61 mg g^-1, while GGH sorbent is 188.53 mg g^-1. The results imply that UV radiation gives rise to the photodegradation effect.

Keywords: Guar gum; Photodegradation; Titanium dioxide.

MeSH terms

Adsorption
Galactans / chemistry*
Galactose / analogs & derivatives
Hydrogels / chemistry*
Mannans / chemistry*
Methylene Blue / chemistry*
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Nanocomposites / chemistry*
Photolysis*
Plant Gums / chemistry*
Titanium / chemistry*
Ultraviolet Rays
Water Purification / methods

Substances

Galactans
Hydrogels
Mannans
Plant Gums
galactomannan
titanium dioxide
Titanium
guar gum
Methylene Blue
Galactose