Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor monoclonal antibody (MoAb) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after treatment of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Methods: From February 2019 to February 2020, 56 HCC patients who relapsed after TACE-TKI treatment in Department of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled. All patients received anti-PD-1 MoAb (sintilimab injection) and followed up every 6 weeks. According to mRECIST, the curative effect was evaluated as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD). Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were recorded. Univariate analysis by Chi-square test and binary logistic regression model was used to determine the influencing factors of DCR. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the survival data. Results: A total of 48 patients were enrolled in this study including 42 males and 6 females, with a median age of 55 years (29-71 years). ECOG scores comprised of 0 in 24 cases, 1-2 in 24 cases. Thirty-six patients were in Child-Pugh grade A of liver function and 12 cases were grade B. The median follow-up time was 4.5 months. There were 2 patients achieved CR, 12 patients with PR and 16 with SD. ORR was 29.2%, DCR was 62.5%. The independent influencing factors of DCR was ECOG score and AFP level (P=0.031, P=0.012). Median PFS was 4.1 months (95%CI 2.7-5.4 months), and ECOG score was the independent influencing factor of PFS (P=0.042). Treatment-related adverse events were reported in 70.8% (34/48) patients. Incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ TRAEs was 22.9% (11/48). Conclusion: In patients with HCC who relapse from TACE and TKI treatment, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is efficacious safe especially in those with ECOG 0 score.
目的： 评价细胞程序性死亡受体-1（PD-1）单抗在肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）术联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）治疗后进展期肝细胞癌（HCC）患者中的疗效与安全性。 方法： 前瞻性收集2019年2月至2020年2月56例在广州医科大学附属第二医院微创介入科行TACE联合TKI（TACE-TKI）治疗后进展、并且在原TKI治疗基础上行PD-1单抗治疗（信迪利单抗）的HCC患者。每隔6周随访实验室指标及影像学检查。根据改良实体瘤疗效评估标准（mRECIST）评估疗效，分为完全缓解（CR）、部分缓解（PR）、稳定（SD）或进展（PD），计算客观缓解率（ORR）及疾病控制率（DCR），统计无进展生存期（PFS）以及治疗相关不良事件（TRAEs）。对患者分组间的临床基线资料采用卡方检验进行单因素分析，采用二元Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析，以确定DCR的独立影响因素。以Kaplan-Meier法绘制PFS曲线，采用Log-rank检验进行PFS单因素分析，采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型确定PFS的独立影响因素。 结果： 共48例患者纳入本研究，男性42例、女性6例，中位年龄为55（29~71）岁，体力状况（ECOG）评分0分24例、1~2分24例，肝功能分级（Child-Pugh分级）A级36例、B级12例。中位随访时间为4.5个月。疗效CR 2例、PR 12例、SD 16例，ORR为29.2%，DCR为62.5%。ECOG评分、血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平分别是DCR的独立影响因素（P=0.031、P=0.012）。中位PFS为4.1个月（95%CI 2.7~5.4个月），ECOG评分是PFS的独立影响因素（P=0.042）。70.8%（34/48）的患者发生了不同级别TRAEs，其中Ⅲ~Ⅳ级TRAEs发生率为22.9%（11/48）。 结论： 在TACE联合TKI治疗后进展期HCC患者中，进一步行PD-1单抗治疗是安全的，ECOG评分0分的患者可取得较好的近期疗效。.