Adaptive optics with spatio-temporal lock-in detection for temporal focusing microscopy

Opt Express. 2021 Aug 30;29(18):29021-29033. doi: 10.1364/OE.432414.

Abstract

Wavefront distortion in temporal focusing microscopy (TFM) results in a distorted temporal profile of the excitation pulses owing to spatio-temporal coupling. Since the pulse duration is dramatically changed in the excitation volume, it is difficult to correct the temporal profile for a thick sample. Here, we demonstrate adaptive optics (AO) correction in a thick sample. We apply structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to an AO correction in wide-field TFM to decrease the change in the pulse duration in the signal detection volume. The AO correction with SIM was very successful in a thick sample for which AO correction with TFM failed.