A Short Media Training Session Is Effective in Reinforcing Psychiatrists' Communication Skills About Suicide

Karl Walter; Marielle Wathelet; Sacha Valdenaire; Pierre Grandgenèvre; Nathalie Pauwels; Guillaume Vaiva; Charles-Edouard Notredame

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733691

A Short Media Training Session Is Effective in Reinforcing Psychiatrists' Communication Skills About Suicide

Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 16:12:733691. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733691. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Karl Walter^{1

2}, Marielle Wathelet^{1

3

4

5}, Sacha Valdenaire², Pierre Grandgenèvre^{1

2}, Nathalie Pauwels^{2

3}, Guillaume Vaiva^{1

4

5}, Charles-Edouard Notredame^{1

2

5}

Affiliations

¹ Psychiatry Department, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
² Papageno Program, Lille, France.
³ Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale Hauts-de-France (F2RSM Psy), Saint-André, France.
⁴ Centre National de Ressources et Résilience pour les Psychotraumatismes (Cn2r), Lille, France.
⁵ PSY Lab, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Centre, INSERM U1172, University of Lille, Lille, France.

Abstract

Because it has been associated with significant increases [through the Werther Effect (WE)] or decreases [through the Papageno Effect (PE)] of suicide rates, media coverage of suicide-related events is recognized as a prevention leverage. Unfortunately, the recommendations that the World Health Organization (WHO) has published to help journalists reporting on suicide remain poorly applied. The Mini Media Training (MMT) is a short media training session designed to increase psychiatrists' ability to communicate about suicide during interviews. We aimed at assessing the effect of the MMT on psychiatrists' ability to help journalists complying with the WHO recommendations. From June 2017 to December 2019, 173 physicians and residents in psychiatry were recruited during French national congresses. At baseline (T0) and 1 and 3 months later (T1), participants received the MMT, which consisted in a simulated interview where they we asked to answer a journalist about a mock suicide. Communication skills were measured with a score summing the number of delivered pieces of advice in relation to the WHO recommendations, with a maximum score of 33. A weighted score was also derived based on the degree of directivity needed for the participant to provide these items, again with a possible maximum of 33. A total of 132 psychiatrists participated in the study at T0 and T1. Both the weighted and unweighted score significantly increased from T0 to T1 (d = +2.08, p < 0.001, and d = +1.24, p < 0.001, respectively). Having a history of contacts with journalists, a short professional experience (<3 years) and prior knowledge of the WE, PE, and WHO recommendations were significantly associated with greater unweighted and weighted scores at baseline. The latter two variables also predicted greater T0-T1 improvement of the weighted score. These results suggest that the MMT could be effective for improving the ability of psychiatrists to guide journalists toward more responsible media coverage of suicide. As a short, easy to implement educational activity, the MMT could therefore be considered in association with other measures to help media professionals mitigating the WE and promoting the PE.

Keywords: Papageno effect; Werther effect; media; psychiatrist; suicide; training.