Untargeted LC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolomics approach for revealing bioactive components in probiotic fermented coffee brews

Mei Zhi Alcine Chan; Hazel Lau; Si Ying Lim; Sam Fong Yau Li; Shao-Quan Liu

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110656

Untargeted LC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolomics approach for revealing bioactive components in probiotic fermented coffee brews

Food Res Int. 2021 Nov:149:110656. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110656. Epub 2021 Sep 1.

Authors

Mei Zhi Alcine Chan¹, Hazel Lau², Si Ying Lim³, Sam Fong Yau Li⁴, Shao-Quan Liu⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
² Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
³ Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), #02-01, T-Lab Building (TL), 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
⁵ Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, No. 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: fstlsq@nus.edu.sg.

PMID: 34600658
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110656

Abstract

Amidst trends in non-dairy probiotic foods and functional coffees, we recently developed a fermented coffee brew containing high live counts of the probiotics Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM-I745. However, probiotic fermentation did not alter levels of principal coffee bioactive components based on targeted analyses. Here, to provide therapeutic justification compared to other non-fermented coffee brews, we aimed to discover postbiotics in coffee brews fermented with L. rhamnosus GG and/or S. boulardii CNCM-I745. By using an untargeted LC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolomics approach coupled with validated multivariate analyses, 37 differential metabolites between fermentation treatments were putatively annotated. These include the production of postbiotics such as 2-isopropylmalate by S. boulardii CNCM-I745, and aromatic amino acid catabolites (indole-3-lactate, p-hydroxyphenyllactate, 3-phenyllactate), and hydroxydodecanoic acid by L. rhamnosus GG. Overall, LC-QTOF based untargeted metabolomics can be an effective approach to uncover postbiotics, which may substantiate additional potential functionalities of probiotic fermented foods compared to their non-fermented counterparts.

Keywords: Biotransformation; Functional food; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG; Metabolic footprint; Non-dairy; Postbiotic; Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM-I745.

MeSH terms

Coffee
Metabolomics
Probiotics*
Saccharomyces boulardii*
Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

Coffee